Arrangement for governing internal-combustion engines



Feb. 15, 1927. 1,617,378 Y A. U. $.DAN1EL`ssoN ARRANGEMENT FOR GOVERNINGINTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 1923 2 sheets-sheet 1 Feb. 15 1927.

A. U. s. DANIELssoN ARRANGEMENT FOR GOVERNING INTERNAL coMUsTIoN ENGINESFiled April 11, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 and fuel not be able to-beinjected into the..

Patented Feb. 15, 1927.

AXEL UNO ST'URE DHANIELSSON, OF ULFS'UN DA,

SWEDEN, ASSIGNOR T0 AKTIIEBOLAGET ATLAS DIESEL, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, .ACORPORATION OF SWEDEN.-

ARRANGEMENT FOR GOVERNI'NG INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application mea April 11, 1923,seria1 No. 631,439, and in sweden April19, 1922,

The present invention relates to an arrangement for governing internalcombustion engines provided with fuel pump or the like with the aid of aso called overflow' valve actuated by spring or the like, whichaccording to changes in the loading on the engine andby means of agovernor opens earlier or later at the end ofthe working stroke of thepump plunger and thereby exhausts, a greater or smaller quantity of thefuel coming from the pump whereby the fuel quantity injected into theworking cylinder will be suitably adjusted. According to the.

invention the overflow valve isadapted to open outwards from the fuelinlet piping between the pump and the working cylinder. Thus the fuelpressure actuating the valve is ltaken up by the valve spring and thegoverning device will 'be relieved in a corresponding degree. By vtheoverflow valve being opened outwards against the pressure of thespring,ete., said valve also is able to serve as a safety valve so that thepump and parts belonging thereto will not be exposed to disadvantageousstresses should the admission valve or sprayer of the engine hitchcylinder.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the upper part of an internal combustionengine provided with a governing device according to the presentinvention. Figs. 2 and 3 are vertical sections of two other embodimentsof the governing device.

1, Fig. 1, is a head clamped in the upper part of the working cylinder 2of the engine. Threaded into the head is the cylinder 3 of a fuel pump,the plunger 4 of which is actuated by means of a bell crank lever 6pivoted on a fulcrum 5 being provided by means of a link 7' with a rod 9connected through a guiding tube 8 to the crank shaft of the engine andactuated by a cam disc or the like on said crank shaft.

In order to prevent lost motion between the lever 6 andthe plunger 4 thelatter is pressed against the lever by. means of a spring 10. The fuelis injected into the cylinder 3 through a channel provided with a checkvalve and is pressed by the plunger through a channel 11 leading to -avalve of any known construction as for instance a needle valve. TheconstructionV of the valve is such that it opens against the pressure ofin the head, said leverA end of the working stroke a spring lby means ofthe fuel coming from, the pump and admits the same in the com' bustionchamber of the engine and is closed as soon as the pressure` on the fuelin thev channel 11 ceases. v

The arrangement shown in Fig. 1 for governing the fuel supply consistsof va valve 12 opening outwards and connected by means of a channel tothe channel 11. The valve 12 is kept in closed position by means of thepressure of a frame like member 13 movable 1n a' guide 14 and actuatedby a spring 15. Supported in the vframe 13 -is a roller 16. From thebell crank lever 6 a lever 17 extends under the rollerl 16. Between theroller 16 and said lever a lwedge 18 is movable and articulated to .atwo armed lever 2() pivotally supported at 19. The lever I2O isconnected by means of a link 2l to a side arm 22 on the tube 8'. Thetube 8 is4 pivotally supported and adjusted by they governor of theengine.

By means of the driving device for the plunger 4 hereinbefore described'said y plunger begins always its working stroke or '80 its inwardmovement at the same position of crank. Further the length of theworking stroke is always the same and thus the fuel quantity, which isinvariable and injected during the movement of the plunger would beinjected into the working cylinder 2 also by reduced loading on theengine if the fuel would not be partly exhausted through the valve 12,said valve being bymeans of a piping connected to the suction piping ofthe 90 fuel pump. If, however, the 4loading on the engine be reduced thegovernor pulls by means of the gear 8, 22, 21, 20 the wedge 18 furtherin between the lever 17 and the roller 16 so that the valve 12 opens atthe 95 of the plunger 4 and part of the lfuel is conveyed from the pumpback to the suction piping thereof.

If the loading on the engine increases the governor pulls the wedgeoutwards so that the' valve 12 will be opened later and "thus anincreased quantity of fuel will be injected into the cylinder 12. Insuch manner the supplied quantity of fuel will be adi justed accordingto the loading on the engine. l i.

Should the inlet (needle) valve or s rayer of the4 engine for somereason hitch, or instance be pitched, so that fuel can not be suckedinto the cylinder 2 the fuel is able to 110 .In the embodiment shown inFig. 2 the plunger 4 may by means of a link -be connected to a bellcrank lever similar to the lever 6, Fig. 1, and driven in the samemanner as the latter. 23 is the spring actuated suction valve and 24 thesuction piping of.

the pump. Fuel is injected into the cylinder 3 through the channel 25.The governing valve l2, which also in this case opens outwards, isactuated b a bar 26 actuated by a spring 27 and sli able `in a guide 28.A two-armed lever 30 excentrically pivoted on a fulcrum 29 extends withone arm under a flange 31 on the bar 26 andby. altered loading on theengine serves to raise the bar 26 at an earlier or later period oftheWorking stroke of the plunger 4. Plunger 4 and lever 30 may be actuatedin the same manner as the plunger 4 in Fi 1, and the movement of thelever 30 is matgle adequate to that of the plunger 4 and in such amanner that the inner arm of lever 30 is raised upwards during theworking stroke or inward movement of the plunger. The eccentric fulcrum29 is changed over by means of a gear (not shown) from the governor ofthe engine,

` for instance from the tube 8, Fig. 1.

By reduced loading on the' motor t-he eccentric fulcrum 29 is turned insuch 'a manner that the lever 30 is raised and the inner arm thereoftouches the flange 31 and raises the bar 26 at an earlier period of theworking stroke\of the plunger 4. The

fuel not necessary for driving the engine then is able to open the valve12 and exhaust through the same. By increased loading'the lever 30 islowered and raises the bar 26 at a later period so that super? fluousfuel will exhaust later through valve 12, the latter thus serving alsoin this case as a safety valve.

As the governing valve A12 is preferably so arranged that air which maystill be `kept open by the lever 30.

present in the pump and channels will' exhaust through the same a spring.actuated valve 32 should be positioned between the valve 12 and thesuction piping 24 in order to prevent such air to return into thechainnels at the beginning of the suction stroke of the plunger 4 whenthe valve 12 is still In order that the governing valve 12, Fig. 3, mayserve also forthe valve 32, Fig.

y ing of the valve.

2, for` the purpose mentioned above a spring 33 is arranged between thevalve 12 and bar 26. The valve 12 serves as governing and safety valvein the same manner as the ovalve 12 in Figs. 1 and 2. As'soon as theoverflow valve only need overcome the' pres-A sure of the spring 15resp. 27 necessary to keep the valve closed. On account of the valveopening outwards the same may be given a small area of passage whichresults in a reduced fuel pressure on said valve and the possibility ofusing a lighter spring 15 resp. 27. The power, .which the governingdevice need develop during the opening of the valve, lis consequentlyconsiderably reduced this being of essential value for the eccentricaldevice changed over by the governor and shown in Figs. 2 and 3 becausesaid governor on account of the reduced counter-pressure of the springis able easier to overcomethe pressure being actuated on the eccentricdisc during the open- The governor thus may be made very sensible.

The governing devices now referred to may of course be modified inseveral re spects without giving up the idea, upon which the presentinvention -is based.

I claim:

In an internal combustion engine the combination of an overflow valvecommunieating with the fuel charging passage of the working cylinder ofthe engine.` said valve comprising a body, a member, yield-` able meanslocateud between thesaid member and the said body, and yieldable' 'meansactuating the member towards the seat oi the said body, means forsupplying the fuel, and means controlling the valve and releasing thebody permitting the same to be 4opened by the fuel pressure, as aquantity AXEL UNO STURE DANELSSON. y

